Johannes krone



(No Model.)

J. KRONB.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE FOR ORDNANGE.

No. 461,347. n Patented 00's. 13, 1891.

FIGA. a,

ilaria States ATENT Fries.

JOHANNES KRNE, F ESSEX, GERMANY, ASSIGXUR TO Flll-Illltltll ll'tljvll,

OF SAME PLACE.

.'.HY'DRAULlC' BRAKE FRORDNANCE.

`SPZECIFIC-ITION fdrming part o f Letters Patent No. 461,347, dated October-13, 1891. l Application led May 23., 1890. Serial No. 352,926. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHANNES KRONE, a subject of the King of Saxony, residing at Essen` in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany,

, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Brakes for Ordnance. of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement upon that form of hydraulic brakes shown in' my prior 1o application, Serial No. 286,191, filed September 24, 1888. i

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved brake which is simple and durable in construction, o'ers a uniform resistance on the ordnance on recoil, and permits of withdrawing the fluid, on firing of the ordnance, at the back end of the cylinder.

Jfhe imentioireonsists ef a-tnbe arranged -in the brake-cylinder to change the area of the passage or escapement connecting one side of the piston with the other.v

The invention also consists of certain parts and details and combinations of the same, as will be hereinafter fully described,and then pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specification, iu which similar letters of reference indicate correspondingparts in all the figures.V

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of the improvement. bigs. I?, 3, and are like views of modied forms of the same.

The arrangement and the fixing of the`foregoing brake to a piece of ordnance is elected bythe usual known method-namely, that the top carriage is firmly connected either with thepiston orithe brake-cylinder, while the respective other part of the brake-cylinder or piston is firmly fastenedA to the frame-work of the carriage. The recoil of the piece of ordnance is received by the part `of the .brake that `is movable with the top carriage, and iu fact works with the fixed cylinder the movable piston and with the fixed piston the movable cylinder.

The piston-rod a' of the brake-cylinder b e (represen ted in Fig. l) is bored, so that it may receive the regulating-tubele, which is fastened t'o the cover of the cylinder and connected with the escape-valve. The tubee is tapered orshaped conicallyon theout-1 side, and variation of diameter is determined 'by'special calculation, according to circumstances. f

'The automatic escape-valve consists'ofthe 55 valve I', situated in the chamber E. and is kept against. its sc at by. al spring 11.. The cover of the brake-cylinder is chamber-formed for the purpose of receiving this valveand closed with a cover-plate. 'lhe brake-valve 6o c has a tubular form and is kept against its l seat by a spring d. The seat f of this valve is situated in the body g' of the piston, which contains an annular cavity which is'in connection with the front portion ot` the brake-' '65 cylinder by apertures h.

Upon the discharge of the piece of ordnance the-brake-piston entersthe cylinder. \Vhen `in conseq'uence of the recoil the'brake-valve c inthe pist-on is opened, the connection be- 7o tween the two sides of the piston is effected and the liquid canfiow forward from the back side of the piston g', whereupon the sectionalarea of the outflow decreases inproportion to `the increasing thickness or diameter of thc 'conical tube. The fluid situated behind the piston passes through the continually-decreasing area, of the ontow in the piston partly toward the front side of the piston, partly (corresponding to the volume of thepiston- S: rod) through the regulating-pipe e and the escape-valve from the cylinder. The entrance and exit of the pressureuid upon the forward and backward movement of the ,piece of ordnance are effected by means of tubular S5 connections fitted to parts o and p. The escape of the fluid forced out by the recoil is through the passage q in the cover either into the wastepipe, or if an accumula-tion ot' power is intended during the recoil, into an 9o accumulator. L

' In 2 thc tube-formed brake-valve is replaced by a lcircular valve ci land the conical-shaped tube bya cylindrical tube '02 with couicfal grooves. The action is the same as in the above-described arrangement.

In the arrangement represented in Fig. 3 the piston is withouta bralUe-'valve 'l'he pressure-duid enters the cylinder through the passageway p* and serves only for the forroo war'd 'movement of the pistou.

The escape-valve connected with the reguf lating-pipe may also be provided with acounter-pressure cylinder when it is intended to diminish as much as possible the initial pressure in the cylinder. rlhis arrangeinent-is represented in Fig. 4. The shaft of the valve l* is connected with a piston 7a4, which is movable in a cylinder fr". At'fu4 is situated the connection pipe for the pressure-duid,

, which enters behind the piston 7a4 as soon as the slidevalve for the forward movement of the gun is opened. The valve is thereby held closed becausethe piston 7c* is of larger area than the valve Z4. -Vhen the gun and the slide fvalve serving for the movement thereof Yare in firing position, by a special arrangement of this slide-valve the access of the pressure-(luid to the brake-cylinder is cut off and at the same time the discharge of the pressure-fluid from r* through o" is etected, so that the valve is only loaded by the spring n4, which only otfers slight resistance to 'the opening of the valve.

Instead of a tube which alters the area of the ow of fluid, a tube e4, fastened in the bottom of the cylinder, with a conical rod e xed into the hollow piston-rod and projecting into the tube, may also be applied, as lshown in Fig. 4. This arrangement permits the possibility of the rod being easily .changed from the outside, which in special cases may be desirable. Y

Thespecified improvements may be applied to guns of different calibers and systems.

I claiml. In hydraulic brakes for ordnance, the combination, with a piston-head having ports, a piston-rod, and a piston-cylinder connected, respectively, to the slide or top carriage and the carriage proper, of the open-ended regulating-tube, which is fastened to the cover of the cylinder, and the automatic escape-valve held to its seat in the rear end of the tube by a spring and located in a chamber having a lateral escape-passage, substantially as shown and described, to operate as specified.

2. In hydraulic brakes for ordnance, the combination, with a piston-head having ports, a piston rod, and piston-cylinder connected, respectively, to the slide or top carriage and carriage proper, of the regulating-tube, whose outer end is fastened to the cover of the cylinder and provided with a clianiberliaving a lateral escape-passage, the automatic escape- Valve located in said 'hamber and normally closing the rear end of the tube, and the spring for holding said valve seated against a certain predetermined pressure, as shown and described, to operate as specified.

3. In'hydranlie brakes for ordnance, the combination, with a piston-head having ports, a piston-rod, and piston-cylinder, of the regulating-tube provided with a chamber having a lateral escape-passage, the automatic escape-valve located in said chamber and normally closing the rear. end of the tube, a spring for holding said-valve seated against a certain predetermined pressure, the conical rod e, xed to the hollow piston-rod and projecting into the regulating-tube, the counterpressure cylinder r4, having the lateral charge-aperture @4, and the piston 7c, workin g the latter and fixed on the extended valvestcm, all as shown and described.

In testimony whereof have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. l

JOHANNES KRONE.

Witnesses:

Farra MonLLENiioivw, vl IERMANN Kiuuriis. 

